The glossary of legal terms defines more than 100 of the most common legal terms in easy-to-understand language. The terms are listed in alphabetical order and can be best accessed by selecting a letter here: A non-bankruptcy proceeding in which an applicant or creditor attempts to submit their claim to a debtor`s future salary. In other words, the creditor requests that part of the debtor`s future salary be paid to him for a debt owed to him. The legal power of a court to hear and decide a particular type of case. It is also used as a synonym for jurisdiction, i.e. the geographical area over which the court has territorial jurisdiction to rule on cases. An act intended to confer legal authenticity on a registration so that the registration is legally admissible as evidence; Certified true copies of public documents are authenticated, and a certified true copy is a certified true copy that requires further verification. A legal theory that alleges that the defendant abused a legal process, such as a subpoena or lawsuit. The legal separation of a man and a woman, effected by a judgment or a judicial decision, which either completely dissolves the conjugal relationship or suspends its effects in relation to the cohabitation of the parties. An act performed by a bailiff under the authority of a request to take custody of the real or personal property of a person against whom the application has been made. With respect to civil actions in “equity” and not in “law”.
In English legal history, courts of “law” could order the payment of damages and could offer no other remedy (see damages). A separate “fairness” tribunal could order someone to do something or stop something (e.g., injunction). In U.S. jurisprudence, federal courts have both legal and just power, but the distinction is always important. For example, a jury trial is generally available in “legal cases,” but not in “fairness” cases. A written statement filed in court or an appeal that explains a party`s legal and factual arguments. A full-time lawyer hired by federal courts to legally defend defendants who cannot afford a lawyer. The judiciary administers the Federal Defence Counsel Programme in accordance with criminal law. A remedy based on a system of equity, natural law or justice, as opposed to common law remedies. A collective term that refers to all of a person`s property, including real and personal property and other legal rights.
A term used to indicate that a court has jurisdiction over all disputes that may be brought under legal rights and remedies. Opposed to a special or limited jurisdiction. In the law of evidence, the presence of the characteristics that make a witness legally fit and able to testify. In inheritance law, a person`s ability to manage and take care of themselves and their own affairs. Negligence not directly attributable to a person. This is the negligence of another person who has a legal relationship with him and for which he is guilty of the fault, such as an employer responsible for the negligence of a representative or employee. The legal bill of rights that must be given to a person arrested or suspected of a crime before he or she can be questioned by judicial officials. An action brought by a plaintiff against a defendant based on a claim that the defendant failed to comply with a legal obligation that caused harm to the plaintiff. As a general rule, a police search of a person or place is not authorized by law to find evidence, stolen property, weapons, etc. A legal procedure to deal with the debt problems of individuals and companies; in particular, a case filed under one of the chapters of title 11 of the United States Code. The court`s inquiry to determine if there is a legal reason not to impose a penalty.
The philosophy of law or science that deals with the principles of positive law and legal relations. Persons who actively participate in the prosecution or defence of legal proceedings. Action based on private harm, as opposed to a crime, or to enforce rights through remedies, private or non-criminal. All legal proceedings that are not criminal acts are civil actions. Written notice of an official given to a person or published in accordance with the law indicating that he has been designated as a party to a dispute or charged with a criminal offence. The procedure consists of a summons, summons or arrest warrant accompanied by a copy of the complaint or other procedural act. Jurisdiction – (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have jurisdiction to hear the same case at the same time.